Oncology is dealing with the treatment, diagnosis and prevention of cancer. Today millions of people are being treated with cancer or at least knows people who have died from cancer. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States and many other countries. Cancer is caused when the abnormal cells in the body divide in an uncontrolled way. Depending on the type of cancer some cancer types are able to spread into other tissues and grow. At the moment there are more than 200 types of different cancer. Cancer begins firstly in the cells in the body, in either one cell or a small group of cells. Some types of cancer like Leukaemia start from the blood cells in the body and doesn’t form a type of tumour. Because of this the cancer cells build up in the blood and the bone marrow. Early diagnosis is very important in people’s lives for the prevention of illness and diseases. Regular check-ups are highly recommended for everyone.
There are various types of oncology diagnosis services including:
Radiology – radiologic investigations are performed together with mammography, ultrasonography, Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography and MRI. To support treatment, interventional radiological procedures like thoracentesis, paracentesis, nerve blockages and drainages are also performed.
Nuclear Medicine– PETCT and SPECT devices are used for the diagnosis of patients.
Molecular Oncology & Genetics – genetic tests in cancer can be used to help diagnosis, modify follow up procedures and predicting prognosis. Disorders causing cancer, genetic mutations, gene increase, deletion, translocation and other abnormalities can be detected with genetic tests.
Pathology – biopsy specimens are investigated and diagnosed.
Clinical Laboratory – routines tests and follow up of the general health of patients are performed. Around 1000 different tests are performed in the clinical laboratory.
Oncological Check-up – cancer sometimes does not give any symptoms or indications during the early periods. Check-up programs are performed to prevent and notice cancers at an early stage.